The Potential Therapeutic Role of Green-Synthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Using Carvacrol in Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

The disadvantages and side effects of currently available breast cancer (BC) therapies have compelled researchers to seek new therapeutic strategies. This study was designed investigate the effect selenium nanoparticles biosynthesized with carvacrol (SeNPs-CV) on (MCF-7) cell lines explore possible underlying pathways. Flow cytometry, MTT assays, various biochemical techniques were used evaluate anti-proliferative SeNPs-CV MCF-7 cells. Cytotoxicity assays showed that treatment could effectively reduce proliferation viability in a dose-dependent manner. However, had no cytotoxic against Vero Furthermore, better anticancer activity than metal evidenced by lower IC50 obtained cells (8.3 µg/mL versus 41.6 µg/mL, respectively). Treatment directly targeted Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, leading mitochondrial leakage cytochrome C subsequent activation apoptotic cascade In addition, treated exhibited elevated levels oxidative stress, as indicated noticeable rises 8-OHDG, ROS, NO, LPO, paralleled significant exhaustion GSH antioxidant enzymes activity. administration induced inflammatory mediator IL-1β downregulated expression cell-proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA) cells, which plays critical role apoptosis. Therefore, ability fight BC may be due its induce inflammation, apoptosis tumor These findings demonstrate potential Se conjugated CV, provide novel approach for combination chemotherapy BC.